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title: An Introduction to Tkinter
subtitle: A User's Perspective
author: Jeffrey B. Armstrong
company: Approximatrix, LLC
footer: PyOhio
subfooter: 28 July 2012
h1. Introduction
* Tkinter (or tkinter)
** Interface to Tcl/Tk
** The only GUI framework in the Python standard library
** Simple to use
* The speaker
** Casual Tkinter user
** Some experience with other GUI toolkits
h1. Opinions
* Three types of people here
** Never used it
** Use it and Like it
** Hate it
h1. Why Care?
* Tkinter is part of the Python standard library
* Lightweight
* _Good enough_
** In fact, it can be great!
h1. The Past
* Limited widget set
* Unweildy _import_
* Considered ugly
h1. The Present
* Python 3.x
** Changed to Pythonic namespaces, like _tkinter_
** Introduced...
h1. Themed Tk
* `ttk` module
* Makes old Tkinter look pretty
** Kinda platform-specific...
h1. Getting Started
* Tk operates in "loop" that is transparent to the developer
* Widgets are assigned parents, which contain other widgets, etc.
* Layout managers handle widget placement
* Widgets can have events "bound" to them and respond accordingly
h1. Layout Managers
* Tkinter provides three geometry managers
** absolute (avoid this)
** pack
** grid
h1. pack Layout
* Extremely simple
* Specify a side
* Parent sizes itself to minimally fit everything
* Not particularly flexible for complex layouts
h1. grid Layout
* Closer to other toolkits
* Frames are laid out in a grid
** Resizing can be handled via _expand_ arguments
h1. Widgets
* tkinter historically provides common, simple widgets
* Considered a shortcoming
** Missing more advanced widgets
h1. Widgets
!{border:0px; float:right; height:14em}widgets.png!
<table style="width: 40%;">
<tr><td>Button</td><td>Menu</td></tr>
<tr><td>Frame</td><td>Scale</td></tr>
<tr><td>Label</td><td>Scrollbar</td></tr>
<tr><td>Label with Image</td><td>Spinbox</td></tr>
<tr><td>Listbox</td><td>Text</td></tr></table>
h1. ttk Widgets
* "Overrides" drawing of tkinter widgets
** Drawing now handled by theme engine
* Introduces new, modern widgets
* Change the "style"
** _ttk.Style().theme_names()_
** _ttk.Style().theme_use(style)_
h1. ttk Notebook
* Provides modern paged notebook of frames, accesible via tabs
* Sensible functionality
h1. ttk Treeview
* Implements tree, list, columned list, etc.
h1. ttk et cetera
!{border:0px; float:right; height:10em}ttk_widgets.png!
* Combobox
* CheckButton
* RadioButton
* Progressbar
* Separator
* Sizegrip
h1. Canvas
* Allows for simple primitive drawing within a Tk widget
* Opens up the door for custom widget behavior
h1. Events
* Tkinter events are relatively simple
** For buttons: _Button(text='Button Name', command=button_callback)_
* For more complex components, _bind_ method can be used
h1. Standard Dialogs
* File dialog
** _tkinter.filedialog_ or _tkFileDialog_
* Color chooser
** _tkinter.colorchooser_ or _tkColorChooser_
* Message box
** _tkinter.messagebox_ or _tkMessageBox_
h1. 2.7 and 3.x
* Python 2.7 and 3.x both contain Themed Tk
** Cross-version applications
* Python 2.x has different Tkinter namespace
** Python 3.x made tkinter slightly more Pythonic
** Need some ImportError exception magic for cross-version code
h1. Documentation
* Python library documentation on tkinter is arguably sparse
** ttk, however, is well-documented
* http://www.tkdocs.com/
** Reference for Tk in Tcl, Ruby, OCaml, and *Python*
h1. Summary
* Tkinter can be pretty sweet!
** Ships with (almost) all Python ports
** Now with modern widgets
* "Ugly" is gone with ttk
* Easy to build a quick GUI
h1. More Info
* Code
** ArmstrongJ on GitHub
** http://tx0.org/42y
* Presentation
** http://tx0.org/430
* Myself
** jeff@rainbow-100.com
** @fortranjeff on Twitter
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